Animal care guide

Gerbil Care Guide

Meriones unguiculatus

A gerbil kept alone isn't doing you a favour by being "low maintenance" — gerbils are highly social and typically do best in same-sex pairs or small groups, not solitary housing.

Lifespan

2-4 years

Adult size

Roughly 10-12cm body length plus a similarly long tail

Diet

Gerbil-specific seed and pellet mix, hay, occasional fresh vegetables

Temperament

Curious, active, social; generally not aggressive with proper pairing

Housing

Tank or enclosure with deep bedding for burrowing, minimum 40cm floor length for a pair

Legal notes

No special permits typically required for pet gerbils in Canada; check pet store or import restrictions if acquiring from outside the country

Gerbils are active, curious rodents that spend a lot of their natural behaviour underground, digging and building tunnel systems — which is why deep bedding matters more for gerbils than it does for many other small pets. They're also strongly social animals, so housing decisions and bedding depth are two of the biggest factors in whether a pet gerbil actually thrives.

Housing & bedding

  • Use a glass or plastic-based enclosure rather than a wire cage bottom, since gerbils dig constantly and wire flooring can injure feet
  • Provide bedding at least 20-30cm (8-12in) deep to allow natural burrowing and tunnel-building
  • Choose paper-based or aspen bedding; avoid cedar and pine shavings, which contain aromatic oils linked to respiratory irritation
  • Keep housing in a room with stable temperature, away from direct sun or drafts
  • Provide hides, tubes, and chew-safe structures to enrich the burrowing environment

Social needs & pairing

  • Keep gerbils in same-sex pairs or small same-sex groups from a young age when possible — they are highly social and generally do poorly living alone long-term
  • Avoid mixing unrelated adult gerbils casually; introductions can trigger serious fighting and are best done carefully or with breeders' guidance
  • Do not house males and females together unless breeding is intentional, since gerbils reproduce quickly
  • Watch for genuine fighting (not the normal boxing/wrestling play) as a sign a pairing isn't working

Diet & feeding

  • Feed a commercial gerbil-specific seed and pellet mix rather than a generic rodent or hamster blend
  • Provide unlimited timothy hay for digestion and dental wear
  • Offer small amounts of fresh vegetables a few times a week; avoid high-sugar or high-fat treats
  • Provide constant access to fresh water via a sipper bottle

Chew toys & dental health

  • Gerbil teeth grow continuously, so provide wood chews, cardboard, and safe chew toys at all times
  • Rotate enrichment items regularly to prevent boredom and encourage natural gnawing behaviour
  • Offer a sand bath occasionally for coat maintenance
  • Provide an exercise wheel sized appropriately (solid-surface, no rungs) for safe running

Health & common problems

  • Overgrown teeth: caused by insufficient chewing material, can lead to eating difficulty
  • Tail slip: gerbil tail skin can degrade if grabbed — always support the body, never lift by the tail
  • Nasal irritation ("sore nose"): can result from dusty or inappropriate bedding or high humidity
  • Obesity: watch portions, since gerbils are prone to weight gain on seed-heavy diets
Printable PDF$3 · one-time

Want this whole guide as a printable PDF?

Everything on this page — quick facts, every section, and the FAQs — as a clean, print-ready PDF you can keep with your pet care notes.

Frequently asked questions

It's not recommended long-term — gerbils are highly social animals and generally do best in same-sex pairs or small groups rather than living alone.

More animal guides